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Public records, institutional responses and dossier updates.
DISCLOSURE9/18/2026State Public Defender's Office (DPE): what it does, who qualifies and how to reach it
The State Public Defender's Office provides free legal aid to those who cannot afford a lawyer in state court cases. See who qualifies and how to book.
Defensoria PúblicaDPEAssistência Jurídica GratuitaJustiça EstadualDireitos HumanosAcesso à JustiçaOuvidoriaAccountabilityComplianceHuman CaseLer publicação
DISCLOSURE9/18/2026Superior Court of Justice (STJ): what it does, how to appeal and how to reach it
The STJ unifies the interpretation of federal law and hears special appeals. See what the court does, the 15-business-day deadline and how to reach it.
STJSuperior Tribunal de JustiçaRecurso EspecialUniformização de Lei FederalPrequestionamentoAgravo em Recurso EspecialOuvidoriaJustiça ComumAcesso à JustiçaAccountabilityComplianceHuman CaseLer publicação
DISCLOSURE9/18/2026Federal Public Defender's Office (DPU): what it does and how to request help
Brazil's Federal Public Defender's Office (DPU) provides free legal aid to people who cannot afford a lawyer. Here is how to contact the DPU and who qualifies.
DPUDefensoria Pública da UniãoAssistência Jurídica GratuitaDireitos HumanosAcesso à JustiçaINSSJustiça FederalAccountabilityComplianceHuman CaseLer publicação
DISCLOSURE9/18/2026Small Claims Civil Court (JEC): what it is and how to file a case
Brazil's Small Claims Civil Court (JEC), created by Law 9.099/95, hears lower-complexity cases, without a lawyer up to 20 minimum wages. Here is how to file.
JECJuizado Especial CívelLei 9.099/95AtermaçãoAcesso à JustiçaCeleridadeConciliaçãoDireito do ConsumidorAccountabilityComplianceHuman CaseLer publicação
DISCLOSURE9/18/2026State Court of Justice (TJ): what it is and how to file an appeal
Brazil's State Court of Justice (TJ) is the second instance of the state courts: it reviews rulings through appeals and hears some original actions. Here is how to file.
Tribunal de JustiçaTJJustiça EstadualSegunda InstânciaApelaçãoAgravo de InstrumentoDesembargadoresAcesso à JustiçaAccountabilityComplianceHuman CaseLer publicação
DISCLOSURE9/18/2026Superior Council of Labor Justice (CSJT): what it does and how to contact it
The Superior Council of Labor Justice (CSJT) supervises the management of the labor courts, and its decisions bind labor courts and Regional Labor Courts across the country.
CSJTConselho Superior da Justiça do TrabalhoJustiça do TrabalhoTSTTRTPJeCorregedoria-GeralGovernança JudiciáriaModernizaçãoAccountabilityAcesso à JustiçaHuman CaseLer publicação
DISCLOSURE9/18/2026National Council of the Public Prosecution Service (CNMP): what it does and how to file
Brazil's National Council of the Public Prosecution Service (CNMP) oversees prosecutors. Here is how to file a complaint with the CNMP without a lawyer.
CNMPConselho Nacional do Ministério PúblicoOuvidoria NacionalControle ExternoReclamação DisciplinarCorregedoria NacionalMinistério PúblicoAccountabilityAcesso à JustiçaComplianceHuman CaseLer publicação
DISCLOSURE9/18/2026Federal Courts in Brazil: what they hear, how they are organized and how to file
Brazil's Federal Courts hear cases involving the Union, federal agencies and state-owned companies, and crimes against federal interests. Here is how to file.
Justiça FederalTRFCJFJuizado Especial FederalJEFCompetênciaArtigo 109INSSUniãoDireitos IndígenasSistema FinanceiroAccountabilityAcesso à JustiçaHuman CaseLer publicação
DISCLOSURE9/18/2026Supreme Federal Court (STF): what it does and how it handles labor cases
Brazil's Supreme Federal Court (STF) does not hear labor cases at first instance: it acts through Extraordinary Appeals and Reclamations, with general repercussion.
STFSupremo Tribunal FederalGuarda da ConstituiçãoRecurso ExtraordinárioRepercussão GeralSúmula VinculanteReclamação ConstitucionalJustiça do TrabalhoAccountabilityAcesso à JustiçaHuman CaseLer publicação
DISCLOSURE9/18/2026National Council of Justice (CNJ): what it does and how to file a complaint
Brazil's National Council of Justice (CNJ) does not rule on cases: it oversees the Judiciary. Here is how to file a complaint with the CNJ, with or without a lawyer.
CNJConselho Nacional de JustiçaControle AdministrativoReclamação DisciplinarExcesso de PrazoOuvidoria da MulherAccountabilityAcesso à JustiçaHuman CaseLer publicação